Animalia Teragaia

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Iguania
Family: Agamidae
Genus: Pogona
Species: Pogona Vitticeps

Physical description: Adults of this species can reach a total length of up to 24 in, with the tail accounting for more than half. Some sexual dimorphism is present: males can be distinguished from females by a wider cloacal opening, a wider base of the tail, a larger head and beard, and the possession of hemipenes. Males also have more pronounced femoral pores than females (these can be seen as waxy bumps on the underside of the back legs). Bearded dragons vary widely in colour, including brown, reddish-brown, red, yellow, white, orange and any mix of the aforementioned colors. They are capable of undergoing moderate changes in the shade of their colour to help scales along both sides of the throat, neck, and head form many narrow spines which run down the side of the body to the tail. When feeling threatened, a bearded dragon will flatten its body against the ground, puff out its spiny throat and open its jaws to make itself appear larger. The bearded dragon is so named because of the pouch-like on the underside of the neck and chin area which typically turns darker than the rest of the body. It also boasts spiny projections. Both of these characteristics appear similar to a human's beard. Males typically have a darker beard than females, and during mating season and courtship it will typically darken to black. The bearded dragon, like most agamid lizards, has strong legs which enable it to lift its body completely off the ground while it moves. This is done to reduce the heat taken in from the ground, as well as to increase the air flow over the belly to cool itself further.
If exposed to light, the dorsal skin of the lizard becomes darker, and if exposed to darkness, it becomes lighter. Under constant darkness (i.e. in the subjective night), the lizards' dorsal skin becomes the lightest.
Behavior: They are skilled climbers and often spend just as much time perching on tree limbs, fence posts, and in bushes as they do on the ground. They spend the morning and early evening sunning themselves on exposed branches or rocks, and retreat to shady areas or burrows during the hottest parts of the afternoon.

Bearded dragons do not vocalize, except to hiss softly when threatened. Instead, they communicate through colour displays, posture, and physical gestures, such as arm waving and head bobbing. Bearded dragons are not social animals, but will sometimes gather in groups, especially in popular feeding or basking areas. At these times, a distinct hierarchy will emerge: the highest-ranking animals will take the best – usually the highest or sunniest – basking spots, and all other individuals arrange themselves lower down. If a low-ranking animal tries to challenge one of the dominant dragons, the dominant animal will demonstrate its superiority by bobbing its head and inflating its beard, at which point the challenger may signal submission by waving one of its arms in a slow or fast circle. If the low-ranking dragon does not submit, it will return the head bob, and a standoff or fight may ensue. These fights are typically to submission, if submission is not given then death is the likely outcome unless the combating males are parted.

The head bob gestures are described below.

Slow bowing motion – often used by adult females to signal submission to a male
Fast bob – used by males to signal dominance (often accompanied by an inflated and/or blackened beard)
Violent bob – used by males just before mating; much more vigorous, and usually sets the animal's whole body in motion
Both males and females will occasionally do fast and violent head bobs, which shows they are stressed out and need to be isolated.
The male will only wave to show submission to a dominant male, whereas the female will wave, followed by a slow head bob, to show she is ready to mate. Gravid females will often refuse the advances of a male by chasing him and lying on his back.

When under direct attack, the central bearded dragon opens its mouth to display its yellow membranes and extend its beard. It darkens the colour of its skin and flattens its body, and will hiss and make small jumps towards the attacker. Bearded dragons are not known to attack humans. Adult male bearded dragons can bite more forcefully than adult females and this difference is associated with greater head dimensions.

Bearded dragons have been shown to be able to learn from watching the behaviour of conspecifics. An experiment demonstrated that after one individual was trained to open a door to reach a food item, most other bearded dragons watching this action were able to perform it as well.
Habitat: Pogona vitticeps is native to the semiarid woodland, arid woodland, and rocky desert regions.
Reproduction: The age of sexual maturity is 18 months for a female and as young as 12 months fo ra male. Body size and growth rates are more important than age when determining sexual maturity in bearded dragons. Males will become very aggressive towards each other and will assert their dominance by inflating their beards and through fast head bobbing. Breeding typically occurs in the early spring. Females will lay a clutch of 11–30 oblong-shaped eggs in a shallow nest dug in the sand. After being laid, the eggs are buried and are left unattended. The eggs will hatch approximately 60 to 80 days later, depending on the incubation temperature. In captivity, they can be incubated in a styrofoam fish box, but without a male lizard, the female's eggs will not be fertile. However, a female bearded dragon can retain sperm, and thus produce fertile eggs even after being separated from a male.

Courtship involves the male head bobbing to display dominance. If the female displays submissive behaviour, the male will use his mouth to grab the back of the female's head and the male will also wrap his front legs around the female's upper torso to keep her from moving. Copulation and insemination are quick. The gestation period is roughly five weeks.
Territoriality: Males are highly dominant and will drive out weaker males, though a dominant male will allow a submissive male to share his territory as long as he leaves when the dominant enters the area. A males territory will overlap with up to five females
Diet: Omnivorous, primarily vegetables as an adult
Juveniles & Babies eat 70% insects, 30% greens
Adults eat 70% greens 30% insects
Domesticability: They are highly domesticatible and they are frequently kept as pets.
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Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Rodentia
Family: Muridae
Genus: Rattus
Species: Rattus Norvegicus

Physical description: The head and body length ranges from 6 to 11 in while the tail ranges in length from 4 1⁄4 to 9 1⁄2 in, therefore being shorter than the head and body. Adult weight ranges from 5 to 17 3⁄4 oz. Exceptionally large individuals can reportedly reach 31 1⁄2 to 35+1⁄2 oz but are not expected outside of domestic specimens.

Domestic Rats come in the following
Body Variety
The Dumbo rat, whose origins are in the United States, is characterized by having large, low, round ears on the sides of its head caused by a recessive mutation, and was named for its resemblance to the fictional character Dumbo the Flying Elephant.

The Manx rat is tailless due to a genetic mutation, and was named for the Manx cat which shares this feature, though not necessarily due to the same mutation. Breeding Manx rats does raise some ethical and health concerns however, as rats use their tails for both balance and thermoregulation.
Coat Type
There is a relatively small variety of coats in relation to the number of colors and markings, and not all are internationally standardized. The most common type is the normal or standard, which is allowed variance in coarseness between the sexes; males have a coarse, thick, rough coat, while females' coats are softer and finer.[22][24] Other standardized coats include: rex, in which all the hairs are curly, even the whiskers; velveteen, a softer variation of the rex; satin or silky coat, which is extra-soft and fine, with a sheen; and Harley, characterized by wispy long straight hairs.[22][24][29] Remaining coat types are not defined by the hair itself, but rather by the lack of it, such as hairless rats.
Markings
Berkshire – colored top, white belly
hooded – color runs in a saddle, a single, unbroken line from the full head down to the spine and possibly partly down the tail
capped – color on the full head only
blazed – colored head (capped) or body (Irish, Berkshire or self) with a triangular wedge of white fur over the face.
variegated – any form of mismatched oddities in the fur. Can be anything from a broken or spotted hood to a misshaped blaze.
Irish or English Irish – In England, the Irish is standardized by the NFRS as an equilateral triangle of white with a side that begins at the chest, or between the front legs, and where the point ends mid-length.


Behavior:
Generally speaking, rats are quite sociable and function best with at least one cage mate. It is generally ill-advised to keep a single rat unless there are severe behavioral problems. The earlier rats are introduced to one another, the better. Often, rat breeders will encourage new owners to take two or more rats of the same sex from the same litter for starters.

Particularly with males, there can be some fighting in the beginning, but once an alpha rat has been determined, the rats should get along well. Within two weeks to a month, the rats will most likely have adjusted and become friendlier with each other. Rats are generally very friendly to other cage mates. They will even sometimes help or take care of other sick rats.

Generally when two or more rats from the same litter are of the same sex, they live together with no disruptions but with the occasional friendly tussle and play fight. It is possible to integrate rats from different litters. This process can vary in difficulty, often measures have to be taken to provide security for both rats. Techniques for integration include bringing them to neutral ground so they do not become territorial. The process of integrating is easiest with two rats of young age, generally less than six months old. The process of integrating is most difficult with two or more adult male rats, as adult males are the least likely to accept new cage mates, especially after an alpha has been established. Unless there is an issue integrating rats together, owners should always keep them in a group of at least three, as rats live in packs and a pack starts with three animals.

Habitat: Anywhere these guys will live anywhere there is food. Literally.

Reproduction: The brown rat can breed throughout the year if conditions are suitable, with a female producing up to five litters a year. The gestation period is only 21 days, and litters can number up to 14, although seven is common. They reach sexual maturity in about five weeks. Under ideal conditions (for the rat), this means that the population of females could increase by a factor of three and a half (half a litter of 7) in 8 weeks (5 weeks for sexual maturity and 3 weeks of gestation), corresponding to a population growing by a factor of 10 in just 15 weeks. As a result, the population can grow from 2 to 15,000 in a year.

When lactating, female rats display a 24-hour rhythm of maternal behavior, and will usually spend more time attending to smaller litters than large ones.

Brown rats live in large, hierarchical groups, either in burrows or subsurface places, such as sewers and cellars. When food is in short supply, the rats lower in social order are the first to die. If a large fraction of a rat population is exterminated, the remaining rats will increase their reproductive rate, and quickly restore the old population level.

Females are capable of becoming pregnant immediately after giving birth, and can nurse one litter while pregnant with another. Females are able to produce and raise two healthy litters of normal size and weight without significantly changing their own food intake. However, when food is restricted, females can extend pregnancy by over two weeks, and give birth to litters of normal number and weight.

Territoriality: Only wild rats get aggressive, tame ones not so much

Diet: Omnivorous

Domesticability: They are highly domesticatible and they are frequently kept as pets.
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Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Physical Description: This species of large cat estimated to be 5 ft 3 inches to 8 ft 2 in from nose to tail and stood 3 ft 9 inches tall at the shoulder. It is a short and somewhat compact lion species. It only had an average weight of for males of about 774 lbs and 564 lbs for females, they aren't very heavy but they do have speed on their side not quite as fast as cheetahs but fast enough to catch their prey.

They have an average look for a lion of any kind the same sort of tawny colored fur and their paws are larger with fur in between the toes to help shed the snow they live in and on. Their fur is thicker and heavier, allowing them to better live in cold environs. The ears of these large cats are short and close to their head to stay warm.

Behavior: These large cats are group hunters, they are very social with their group and the females do most of the hunting. They are easy to spot when out hunting as they will be focusing on large herds of animals they can safely hunt and take down.

Habitat: Snow plains, Cold mountainous enviroments

Reproduction: They mate at about four years of age and the females are polyestrous which means they breed any time of the year. She will not bring herself or her cubs back to the group until the cubs are 6 - 8 weeks of age.

Territoriality: Very territorial towards strange males, but welcome new females into the group easily.

Diet: Carnivorous

Domesticability: None; Highly not recommended.
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